use strict;
use warnings;

use XML::SemanticDiff;

my $x = XML::SemanticDiff->new;
my @diffs = $x->compare(
    <<EOXML_1,
<top>
    <firstTag>abc</firstTag>
    <secondTag>def</secondTag>
    <thirdTag>ghi</thirdTag>
</top>
EOXML_1
    <<EOXML_2
<top>
    <firstTag>abc</firstTag>
    <secondTag>456</secondTag>
    <lastTag>ghi</lastTag>
</top>
EOXML_2
);

foreach my $change (@diffs) {
      print "$change->{message}\n\tin XPath context $change->{context}\n";
}

__END__
Character differences in element 'secondTag'.
        in XPath context /top[1]/secondTag[1]
Child element 'thirdTag' missing from element '/top[1]'.
        in XPath context /top[1]
Rogue element 'lastTag' in element '/top[1]'.
        in XPath context /top[1]