cmd.exe>perl who_called_Perl.pl
Perl (PID 17400) was invoked from PID 10576 (cmd.exe)

powershell> perl.exe who_called_Perl.pl
Perl (PID 18212) was invoked from PID 11272 (powershell.exe)

bash$ perl who_called_perl.pl 
Perl (PID 73288) was invoked from PID 31994 (bash)