#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;

print "1. Before calling foo\n";
foo();
print "2. After calling foo\n";
{
    print "3. Beginning of block\n";
    sub foo {print "4. Inside foo()\n";}
    print "5. End of block\n";
}
print "6. After block\n";

##</code><code>##


my $foo_stuff = make_foo();

$foo_stuff->{'foo'}->('bar');
$foo_stuff->{'foo'}->('baz');

$foo_stuff->{'dump_foo'};

sub make_foo {
    my $FIXED_STRING = 'fixed_string';
    my %persistent;
    return {
        foo => sub {
            my $x = $_[0];
            $persistent{$x}{$FIXED_STRING} = rand();
        },
        dump_foo => sub {
            for my $k (keys %persistent) {
                print "$k: $persistent{$k}{$FIXED_STRING}\n";
            }
        }
    };
}