#! perl -slw
use strict;

sub divide {
    my( $e, $d ) = @_;
    return $e / $d;
}

my $result = eval{ divide( @ARGV ) } or die $@;

print "Result: $result";

##</code><code>##

__END__
C:\test>NoExceptions
Use of uninitialized value $d in division (/) at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.
Use of uninitialized value $e in division (/) at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.
Illegal division by zero at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.

C:\test>NoExceptions A B
Argument "B" isn't numeric in division (/) at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.
Argument "A" isn't numeric in division (/) at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.
Illegal division by zero at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.

C:\test>NoExceptions 1
Use of uninitialized value $d in division (/) at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.
Illegal division by zero at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.

C:\test>NoExceptions 1 0
Illegal division by zero at C:\test\NoExceptions.pl line 6.

C:\test>NoExceptions 1 2
Result: 0.5

##</code><code>##

#MyExceptions.pm
package MyExceptions;

use Exception::Class (
    'MyException',

    'AnotherException' => {
        isa => 'MyException'
    },

    'YetAnotherException' => {
        isa         => 'AnotherException',
        description => 'These exceptions are related to IPC'
    },

    'ExceptionWithFields' => {
        isa    => 'YetAnotherException',
        fields => [ 'grandiosity', 'quixotic' ],
        alias  => 'throw_fields',
    },
);

1;
## Exceptions.pl
#! perl -slw
use strict;
use MyExceptions;

sub divide {
    my( $e, $d ) = @_;
    MyExceptions->throw( error => 'Divisor undefined' ) unless defined $d;
    MyExceptions->throw( error => 'Divisor is zero' ) if $d == 0;
    return $e / $d;
}


# try
my $result = eval { divide( @ARGV ) };

my $e;

# catch
if ( $e = Exception::Class->caught('MyException') ) {
    die 'You must supply two arguments' if $e->error eq 'Divisor undefined';
    die 'The second argument must not be zero' if $e->error eq 'Divisor is zero';
    die sprintf "Unanticipated exception: '%s' at \n%s\n", $e->error, $e
}
else {
    $e = Exception::Class->caught();
    ref $e ? $e->rethrow : die $e;
}

##</code><code>##

#! perl -slw
use strict;
use Carp;
use Try::Tiny;

use constant {
    ERROR123 => 'Divisor is undefined',
    ERROR456 => 'Divisor is zero',
};

sub divide {
    my( $e, $d ) = @_;
    croak ERROR123 unless defined $d;
    croak ERROR456 if $d == 0;
    return $e / $d;
}

my $result;
try{
    $result = divide( @ARGV );
} catch {
    die "You forgot to supply the second argument\n" if $_ =~ ERROR123;
    die "Dividing anything by zero is infinity\n"    if $_ =~ ERROR456;
    die "Unknown error $_\n";
};

print "Result: $result";

##</code><code>##

__END__
C:\test>Exceptions-TryTiny
You forgot to supply the second argument

C:\test>Exceptions-TryTiny A B
Argument "B" isn't numeric in numeric eq (==) at C:\test\Exceptions-TryTiny.pl line 14.
Dividing anything by zero is infinity

C:\test>Exceptions-TryTiny 1
You forgot to supply the second argument

C:\test>Exceptions-TryTiny 1 0
Dividing anything by zero is infinity

C:\test>Exceptions-TryTiny 1 2
Result: 0.5