In Perl 6 we can use positive boolean context, which helps readability a little:

if ?$x == ?$y {...}
if ?$x != ?$y {...}
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We can use junctions, which again helps the different case more than the same case:

if not $x ^ $y {...}
if $x ^ $y {...}
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or if you prefer:

if !one($x,$y) {...}
if one($x,$y) {...}
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That's probably enough ways to do it...