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my @fields     = qw/ name sex age salary sign /;
my $unpack_tpl = "A20 A1 A3 A8 A12";
my %data = ();
@data{ @fields } = unpack $unpack_tpl, $string;
# { name => "Ted", sex => "M" ... }

my $unpack_tpl = "A20name A1sex A3age, A8salary, A12sign";
my %data = unpack2 $unpack_tpl, $string;