use strict;
use warnings;

use PPI;
use PPI::Dumper;

# retrieve the example standalone script from DATA
my $doc;
while (<DATA>){ $doc .= $_}

my $pdom = PPI::Document->new( \$doc );

# uncomment to see the whole pdom
#PPI::Dumper->new($pdom)->print;

$pdom->find(

	sub{
		# skip white spaces, for example
		return if $_[1]->isa('PPI::Token::Whitespace');
		
		# just print top level elements
		if (
				# is a top level element
				$_[1]->parent == $pdom
		){
			#                      PPI class       remove \n at the end       starting line
			print "found TOPLEVEL ",ref $_[1]," ", $_[1]=~s/\n$//r ," (line ",$_[1]->line_number,")\n";							
		}
	}
);
__DATA__
#!/usr/bin/env perl

my $fb = fizzbuzz();
print "$_\n" for @$fb;

sub fizzbuzz {
    my ($n, $m) = (1, 100);
    my @out;
    for my $num ($n .. $m) {
        my $line = '';
        $line .= 'fizz' if $num % 3 == 0;
        $line .= 'buzz' if $num % 5 == 0;
        push @out, $line || $num;
    }
    return \@out;
}


##</code><code>##

found TOPLEVEL PPI::Token::Comment #!/usr/bin/env perl (line 1)
found TOPLEVEL PPI::Statement::Variable my $fb = fizzbuzz(); (line 3)
found TOPLEVEL PPI::Statement print "$_\n" for @$fb; (line 4)
found TOPLEVEL PPI::Statement::Sub sub fizzbuzz {
    my ($n, $m) = (1, 100);
    my @out;
    for my $num ($n .. $m) {
        my $line = '';
        $line .= 'fizz' if $num % 3 == 0;
        $line .= 'buzz' if $num % 5 == 0;
        push @out, $line || $num;
    }
    return \@out;
} (line 6)