It has been a long journey. I'm completing my participation with a JudySL array implementation.
The mini-shuffle script ensures random data for simulating worst case scenario.
The testing consumes one core for get_properties and parallel processing (8 threads) for sorting. The MAX_STR_LEN_L define is commented out.
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
// llil4judy.cc
// https://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=11149800
// A Judy SL demonstration.
// By Mario Roy, April 7, 2024
// Based on llil3m.cpp https://perlmonks.com/?node_id=11149482
// Original challenge https://perlmonks.com/?node_id=11147822
// and summary https://perlmonks.com/?node_id=11150293
// Other demonstrations https://perlmonks.com/?node_id=11149907
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
// OpenMP Little Book - https://nanxiao.gitbooks.io/openmp-little-book
//
// This requires the boost library: boost::static_strings::basic_stati
+c_string.
//
// Obtain, build, and install the Judy array library.
// I downloaded two patch files from the gentoo site.
// https://judy.sourceforge.net/index.html
// https://gitweb.gentoo.org/repo/gentoo.git/tree/dev-libs/judy
// https://gitweb.gentoo.org/repo/gentoo.git/tree/dev-libs/judy/
+files
//
// tar xf ~/Downloads/Judy-1.0.5.tar.gz
// cd judy-1.0.5
//
// patch -p0 < ~/Downloads/judy-1.0.5-parallel-make.patch
// patch -p1 < ~/Downloads/judy-1.0.5-gcc49.patch
//
// sed -i 's/automake-1.9/automake/' bootstrap
// sed -i 's/AM_CONFIG_HEADER/AC_CONFIG_HEADERS/g' configure.ac
//
// ./configure --enable-64-bit
//
// # Omit passing the -j option to make. It may fail due to paralle
+l build.
// make
// sudo make install
// sudo rm /usr/local/lib/libJudy.la
// sudo ldconfig
//
// Compile on Linux (clang++ or g++):
// clang++ -o llil4judy -std=c++20 -fopenmp -Wall -O3 llil4judy.cc
+-I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lJudy
//
// The g++ command also works with mingw C++ compiler (https://sourcef
+orge.net/projects/mingw-w64)
// that comes bundled with Strawberry Perl (C:\Strawberry\c\bin\g++.ex
+e).
//
// Obtain gen-llil.pl and gen-long-llil.pl from https://perlmonks.com/
+?node_id=11148681
// perl gen-llil.pl big1.txt 200 3 1
// perl gen-llil.pl big2.txt 200 3 1
// perl gen-llil.pl big3.txt 200 3 1
// perl gen-long-llil.pl long1.txt 600
// perl gen-long-llil.pl long2.txt 600
// perl gen-long-llil.pl long3.txt 600
//
// To make random input, obtain shuffle.pl from https://perlmonks.com/
+?node_id=11149800
// perl shuffle.pl big1.txt >tmp && mv tmp big1.txt
// perl shuffle.pl big2.txt >tmp && mv tmp big2.txt
// perl shuffle.pl big3.txt >tmp && mv tmp big3.txt
//
// Example run: llil4judy big1.txt big2.txt big3.txt >out.txt
// NUM_THREADS=3 llil4judy ...
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <compare>
#include <chrono>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <array>
#include <vector>
#include <thread>
#include <execution>
#include <atomic>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <Judy.h>
static_assert(sizeof(size_t) == sizeof(int64_t), "size_t too small, ne
+ed a 64-bit compile");
// Specify 0/1 to use boost's parallel sorting algorithm; faster than
+__gnu_parallel::sort.
// https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_81_0/libs/sort/doc/html/sort/paral
+lel.html
// This requires the boost header files: e.g. devpkg-boost bundle on C
+lear Linux.
// Note: Another option is downloading and unpacking Boost locally.
// (no need to build it because the bits we use are header file only)
#define USE_BOOST_PARALLEL_SORT 1
#if USE_BOOST_PARALLEL_SORT
#ifdef __clang__
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-parameter"
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow"
#include <boost/sort/sort.hpp>
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#else
#include <boost/sort/sort.hpp>
#endif
#endif
#ifdef _OPENMP
#include <omp.h>
#endif
class spinlock_mutex {
// https://rigtorp.se/spinlock/
// https://vorbrodt.blog/2019/02/12/fast-mutex/
public:
// Assignment is disabled.
spinlock_mutex& operator=(const spinlock_mutex& rhs) = delete;
void lock() noexcept {
for (;;) {
if (!lock_.exchange(true, std::memory_order_acquire))
break;
while (lock_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed))
__builtin_ia32_pause();
}
}
void unlock() noexcept {
lock_.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
}
private:
alignas(4 * sizeof(std::max_align_t)) std::atomic_bool lock_ = fals
+e;
};
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
// Judy wrappers
//
// The Judy C macros are not compatible with C++, so created wrappers.
// One of the difficulties in using the Judy function calls lies in
// determining whether to pass a pointer or the address of a pointer.
// I looked up the functions in /usr/local/include/Judy.h.
//
inline PWord_t judysl_ins( Pvoid_t &(array), const char* index ) {
return (PWord_t) ::JudySLIns(&(array), (const uint8_t *) index, NUL
+L);
}
inline Word_t judysl_freearray( Pvoid_t &(array) ) {
return (Word_t) ::JudySLFreeArray(&(array), NULL);
}
inline PWord_t judysl_get( Pcvoid_t array, const char* index ) {
return (PWord_t) ::JudySLGet(array, (const uint8_t *) index, NULL);
}
inline PWord_t judysl_first( Pcvoid_t array, char* index ) {
return (PWord_t) ::JudySLFirst(array, (uint8_t *) index, NULL);
}
inline PWord_t judysl_next( Pcvoid_t array, char* index ) {
return (PWord_t) ::JudySLNext(array, (uint8_t *) index, NULL);
}
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
typedef uint32_t int_type;
// All words in big1.txt, big2.txt, big3.txt are <= 6 chars in length.
// big.txt max word length is 6
// long.txt max word length is 208
//
// Based on rough benchmarking, the short fixed string hack below is o
+nly
// worth trying for MAX_STR_LEN_L up to about 30.
// See also https://backlinko.com/google-keyword-study
//
// To use (limited length) fixed length strings uncomment the next lin
+e.
#define MAX_STR_LEN_L (size_t) 12
#ifdef MAX_STR_LEN_L
#include <boost/static_string/static_string.hpp>
using hash_type = uint32_t;
using str_type = boost::static_strings::basic_static_string<MA
+X_STR_LEN_L, char>;
#else
using hash_type = uint64_t;
using str_type = std::basic_string<char>;
#endif
using str_int_type = std::pair<str_type, int_type>;
using vec_str_int_type = std::vector<str_int_type>;
// Mimic the Perl get_properties subroutine ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
// fast_atoll64
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16826422/
// c-most-efficient-way-to-convert-string-to-int-faster-than-atoi
// convert positive number from string to uint32_t
inline uint32_t fast_atoll64(const char* str)
{
uint32_t val = 0;
// int sign = 0;
// if (*str == '-') {
// sign = 1, ++str;
// }
uint8_t digit;
while ((digit = uint8_t(*str++ - '0')) <= 9)
val = val * 10 + digit;
// return sign ? -val : val;
return val;
}
// Helper function to find a character.
inline char* find_char(char* first, char* last, char c)
{
while (first != last) {
if (*first == c) break;
++first;
}
return first;
}
inline constexpr size_t CHUNK_SIZE = 32768;
inline constexpr size_t MAX_LINE_LEN = 255;
inline constexpr size_t NUM_MAPS = 963;
static int64_t get_properties(
const char* fname, // in : the input file name
const int nthds, // in : the number of threads
auto& L, // in : the locks array
auto& M, // inout : the maps array
auto& T) // inout : the totals array
{
int64_t num_lines = 0;
std::ifstream fin(fname, std::ifstream::binary);
if (!fin.is_open()) {
std::cerr << "Error opening '" << fname << "' : " << strerror(er
+rno) << '\n';
return num_lines;
}
#pragma omp parallel reduction(+:num_lines)
{
std::string buf; buf.resize(CHUNK_SIZE + MAX_LINE_LEN + 1, '\0')
+;
char *first, *last, *found;
size_t len, klen, idx;
int_type count;
PWord_t PValue;
hash_type hv;
while (fin.good()) {
len = 0;
// Read the next chunk serially.
#pragma omp critical
{
fin.read(&buf[0], CHUNK_SIZE);
if ((len = fin.gcount()) > 0) {
if (buf[len - 1] != '\n' && fin.getline(&buf[len], MAX_
+LINE_LEN)) {
// Getline discards the newline char and appends nul
+l char.
// Therefore, change '\0' to '\n'.
len += fin.gcount();
buf[len - 1] = '\n';
}
}
}
if (!len) break;
buf[len] = '\0';
first = &buf[0];
last = &buf[len];
// Process max Nthreads chunks concurrently.
while (first < last) {
char* beg_ptr{first}; first = find_char(first, last, '\n
+');
char* end_ptr{first}; ++first, ++num_lines;
if ((found = find_char(beg_ptr, end_ptr, '\t')) == end_ptr
+) continue;
count = fast_atoll64(found + 1);
#ifdef MAX_STR_LEN_L
klen = std::min(MAX_STR_LEN_L, (size_t)(found - beg_ptr));
beg_ptr[klen] = '\0';
#else
klen = found - beg_ptr;
beg_ptr[klen] = '\0';
#endif
hv = std::hash<std::basic_string_view<char>>{}(
std::basic_string_view<char>{ reinterpret_cast<const ch
+ar*>(beg_ptr), klen });
idx = ( ((hv & 0x000000000000ffffULL) << 16) |
((hv & 0x00000000ffff0000ULL) >> 16) ) % NUM_MAPS;
if (nthds == 1) {
PValue = judysl_get(M[idx], beg_ptr);
if (! PValue) {
PValue = judysl_ins(M[idx], beg_ptr);
++T[idx];
}
(*PValue) += count;
}
else {
L[idx].lock();
PValue = judysl_get(M[idx], beg_ptr);
if (! PValue) {
PValue = judysl_ins(M[idx], beg_ptr);
++T[idx];
}
(*PValue) += count;
L[idx].unlock();
}
}
}
}
fin.close();
return num_lines;
}
// Output subroutine ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
size_t divide_up(size_t dividend, size_t divisor)
{
if (dividend % divisor)
return (size_t)(dividend / divisor) + 1;
else
return (size_t)(dividend / divisor);
}
static void out_properties(
const int nthds, // in : the number of threads
vec_str_int_type& vec) // in : the vector to output
{
size_t num_chunks = divide_up(vec.size(), CHUNK_SIZE);
int nthds_out = 1;
#ifdef _OPENMP
nthds_out = std::min(nthds, 32);
#endif
#pragma omp parallel for ordered schedule(static, 1) num_threads(nt
+hds_out)
for (size_t chunk_id = 1; chunk_id <= num_chunks; ++chunk_id) {
std::string str(""); str.reserve(2048 * 1024);
auto it = vec.begin() + (chunk_id - 1) * CHUNK_SIZE;
auto it2 = vec.begin() + std::min(vec.size(), chunk_id * CHUNK_S
+IZE);
for (; it != it2; ++it) {
#ifdef MAX_STR_LEN_L
str.append(it->first.data());
#else
str.append(it->first.data(), it->first.size());
#endif
str.append("\t", 1);
str.append(std::to_string(it->second));
str.append("\n", 1);
}
#pragma omp ordered
std::cout << str << std::flush;
}
}
typedef std::chrono::high_resolution_clock high_resolution_clock;
typedef std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point time_point;
typedef std::chrono::milliseconds milliseconds;
double elaspe_time(
time_point cend,
time_point cstart)
{
return double (
std::chrono::duration_cast<milliseconds>(cend - cstart).count()
) * 1e-3;
}
// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
if (argc < 2) {
if (argc > 0)
std::cerr << "usage: llil4judy file1 file2 ... >out.txt\n";
return 1;
}
std::cerr << std::setprecision(3) << std::setiosflags(std::ios::fix
+ed);
#ifdef MAX_STR_LEN_L
std::cerr << "llil4judy (fixed string length=" << MAX_STR_LEN_L <<
+") start\n";
#else
std::cerr << "llil4judy start\n";
#endif
#ifdef _OPENMP
std::cerr << "use OpenMP\n";
#else
std::cerr << "don't use OpenMP\n";
#endif
#if USE_BOOST_PARALLEL_SORT == 0
std::cerr << "don't use boost sort\n";
#else
std::cerr << "use boost sort\n";
#endif
time_point cstart1, cend1, cstart2, cend2, cstart3, cend3s, cend3;
cstart1 = high_resolution_clock::now();
#ifdef _OPENMP
// Determine the number of threads.
const char* env_nthds = std::getenv("NUM_THREADS");
int nthds = ( env_nthds && strlen(env_nthds) )
? ::atoi(env_nthds)
: std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
omp_set_dynamic(false);
omp_set_num_threads(nthds);
omp_set_max_active_levels(1);
int nthds_move = std::min(nthds, 12);
#else
int nthds = 1;
int nthds_move = 1;
#endif
// Get the list of input files from the command line
int nfiles = argc - 1;
char** fname = &argv[1];
spinlock_mutex L[NUM_MAPS];
Pvoid_t M[NUM_MAPS];
std::size_t T[NUM_MAPS] {};
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_MAPS; ++i)
M[i] = (Pvoid_t) NULL;
int64_t num_lines = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nfiles; ++i)
num_lines += get_properties(fname[i], nthds, L, M, T);
int64_t num_keys = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_MAPS; ++i)
num_keys += T[i];
cend1 = high_resolution_clock::now();
double ctaken1 = elaspe_time(cend1, cstart1);
std::cerr << "get properties " << std::setw(8) << ctaken1 << "
+ secs\n";
cstart2 = high_resolution_clock::now();
// Store the properties into a vector
vec_str_int_type propvec;
propvec.resize(num_keys);
std::array<vec_str_int_type::iterator, NUM_MAPS> I;
I[0] = propvec.begin();
for (size_t i = 1; i < NUM_MAPS; ++i)
I[i] = I[i-1] + T[i-1];
#pragma omp parallel for schedule(static, 1) num_threads(nthds_move
+)
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_MAPS; ++i) {
char index[MAX_LINE_LEN+1]; index[0] = '\0';
PWord_t PValue;
auto it = I[i];
PValue = judysl_first(M[i], index);
while (PValue != NULL) {
*it++ = std::make_pair(index, *PValue);
PValue = judysl_next(M[i], index);
}
}
cend2 = high_resolution_clock::now();
double ctaken2 = elaspe_time(cend2, cstart2);
std::cerr << "judy to vector " << std::setw(8) << ctaken2 << "
+ secs\n";
if (!propvec.size()) {
std::cerr << "No work, exiting...\n";
return 1;
}
cstart3 = high_resolution_clock::now();
// Sort the vector by (count) in reverse order, (name) in lexical o
+rder
auto reverse_order = [](const str_int_type& left, const str_int_typ
+e& right) {
return left.second != right.second
? left.second > right.second
#ifdef MAX_STR_LEN_L
: ::memcmp(left.first.data(), right.first.data(), MAX_STR_LEN
+_L) < 0;
#else
: left.first < right.first;
#endif
};
#if USE_BOOST_PARALLEL_SORT == 0
// Standard sort
std::sort(propvec.begin(), propvec.end(), reverse_order);
#else
// Parallel sort
boost::sort::block_indirect_sort(
propvec.begin(), propvec.end(), reverse_order,
#ifdef __NVCOMPILER_LLVM__
std::min(nthds, 32)
#else
nthds
#endif
);
#endif
cend3s = high_resolution_clock::now();
// Output the sorted vector
out_properties(nthds, propvec);
cend3 = high_resolution_clock::now();
double ctaken = elaspe_time(cend3, cstart1);
double ctaken3s = elaspe_time(cend3s, cstart3);
double ctaken3o = elaspe_time(cend3, cend3s);
std::cerr << "vector stable sort " << std::setw(8) << ctaken3s <<
+" secs\n";
std::cerr << "write stdout " << std::setw(8) << ctaken3o <<
+" secs\n";
std::cerr << "total time " << std::setw(8) << ctaken <<
+" secs\n";
std::cerr << " count lines " << num_lines << "\n";
std::cerr << " count unique " << num_keys << "\n";
// Hack to see Private Bytes in Windows Task Manager
// (uncomment next line so process doesn't exit too quickly)
// std::this_thread::sleep_for(milliseconds(9000));
return 0;
}