sub count { my ($data, $fields) = @_; $fields = [$fields] unless ref $fields; my $count = {}; for my $obj (@$data) { my $ref = $count; $ref = $ref->{ $obj->{ $fields->[$_] } } //= {} for 0..$#$fields-1; $ref->{ $obj->{ $fields->[-1] } }++; } return $count; }