Try this tiny test script and you will see.

I see that every one of those tests fails:

$ perl 1199749.pl
1..8
Malformed UTF-8 character (unexpected non-continuation byte 0xe3, imme
+diately after start byte 0xe7) at 1199749.pl line 12.
Malformed UTF-8 character (unexpected non-continuation byte 0x6f, imme
+diately after start byte 0xe3) at 1199749.pl line 12.
looking for directory (dir_without_codes): documentao
not ok 1 - With codes (1)
#   Failed test 'With codes (1)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 17.
not ok 2 - Without codes (2)
#   Failed test 'Without codes (2)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 18.
not ok 3 - Without codes (3)
#   Failed test 'Without codes (3)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 19.
not ok 4 - Without codes (4)
#   Failed test 'Without codes (4)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 24.
not ok 5 - Glob matches with codes (5)
#   Failed test 'Glob matches with codes (5)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 28.
#          got: 'documentação'
#     expected: 'documentação'
not ok 6 - Glob matches without codes (6)
#   Failed test 'Glob matches without codes (6)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 29.
#          got: 'documentação'
#     expected: 'documentao'
not ok 7 - Glob matches without codes (7)
#   Failed test 'Glob matches without codes (7)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 30.
#          got: 'documentação'
#     expected: 'documentao'
not ok 8 - Without codes (8)
#   Failed test 'Without codes (8)'
#   at 1199749.pl line 32.
# Looks like you failed 8 tests of 8.
[download]

Unfortunately it appears that it isn't portable. I take it that it runs better on Windows?

As stated, this only works on Windows, also the OP asked for support for Windows

But on Windows I myself would prefer to use Win32::LongPath, because it supports real Unicode Directories and also filename up to 32000 chars

Have a look on the following script: (You have to create these directories first)

use strict;
use warnings;

use utf8;
use feature 'unicode_strings';
use charnames ':full';

binmode(STDOUT, ":unix:utf8");


my @strange_dirs = (
					'documentação',
					'AC_RAÍZ_CERTICÁMARA_S',
					'Катюша',
					'Катюша',
					'москва',
					'ελληνικά-русский',
										
);

for my $dir (@strange_dirs)	{
	print "Looking for directory: [$dir]\n";

	if (-d decode_u8($dir)) {
		print "Directory found: [$dir]\n";
	}
	else	{
		print "---> Error: Directory [$dir] not found <---\n";
	}
}

print "---- now the same with Win32::Longpath ----\n";

use Win32::LongPath;
 
for my $dir (@strange_dirs)	{
	print "Looking for directory: [$dir]\n";

	if (testL ('d', $dir)) {	# same as -d $dir
		print "Directory found: [$dir]\n";
	}
	else	{
		print "---> Error: Directory [$dir] not found <---\n";
	}
}
 



sub encode_u8 { my $s = shift; utf8::encode($s); $s };
sub decode_u8 { my $s = shift; utf8::decode($s); $s };

You will see that Win32::LongPath correctly displays all these directories, but -d decode_u8($dir) doesn't.

My test Environment is: Windows 10 Version 10.0.14393, Perl 64-bit (revision 5 version 22 subversion 2)