I wasted hours reading unicode and perl documentation, and trying diferent methods (utf8, encoding, deconding, locale, etc) for correcting this, but nothing works.

The following works fine for me on Linux. I have used UTF-8 throughout, including the use utf8; pragma in the code. If you are using some non-standard MS encoding at any point then this will surely fail.

$ mkdir documentação
$ cat dircode.t 
use strict;
use warnings;
use utf8;
use Encode qw/encode decode/;

use Test::More tests => 4;

my $dir_with_codes = "documenta\x{00E7}\x{00E3}o";
my $dir_without_codes = 'documentação';

ok (-d encode ('UTF-8', $dir_with_codes), "With codes");
ok (-d encode ('UTF-8', $dir_without_codes), "Without codes"); 

my ($globbed) = <docu*>;
$globbed = decode ('UTF-8', $globbed);
is ($globbed, $dir_with_codes, "Glob matches with codes");
is ($globbed, $dir_without_codes, "Glob matches without codes");
$ perl dircode.t
1..4
ok 1 - With codes
ok 2 - Without codes
ok 3 - Glob matches with codes
ok 4 - Glob matches without codes
$
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