It could do that, if it was smart enough to look around that far in the code. In reality, the optimizer is really rather dumb. If you say perl -MO=Deparse,-x7 you'll get to see exactly what the compiler has done to your code, the -x7 switch tells B::Deparse not to rearrange constructs in order to prettify them. The code you see in in that dump will be exactly what perl is going to execute; anything that's mentioned twice there will actually be done twice. Poke around and you'll see that the compiler's optimizer is really quite limited and mainly implements a few highly specialized shortcuts.
The reason the compiler can't set lookups to constant keys in stone is that the hash itself is not set in stone, and as you add or delete keys, things shift about. I suppose at least some shortcuts might still be possible, but, well - given the general level of ignorance of the optimizer..
Makeshifts last the longest.
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