That sounds surprisingly similar to my comments on Creating an Intermediate Perl Programming Curriculum, except for the language-agnostic aspects.
I agree that "how to think like a programmer" is the sort of thing I'd love more people to understand. However for (wannabe) Perl programmers there are many language-specific areas that it would be useful to include, ie community resources and the like; it would be difficult to expand that to represent appropriate information about every language out there, but leaving the information out would reduce the utility of such a book greatly.
For myself, I stopped reading technical books a long time ago. I'd be far more interested in a book of meditations, a collection of things along the lines of Joel's essays from people such as Larry that think meta and create interesting analogies.
Hugo