sub integrate(&@) { my $f = shift; ## Set up some sensical defaults for ranges and vars: my ($from, $to, $by, $vars) = do { my %o = @_; for (qw(from to by vars)) { $o{$_} = [$o{$_}] if exists $o{$_} && ! ref $o{$_}; } my $dim = @{$o{from}}; $o{vars} = [qw(x y z w)[0..$dim-1]] unless $o{vars}; $o{from} = [(0) x $dim] unless $o{from}; $o{by} = [(0.01) x $dim] unless $o{by}; @o{qw(from to by vars)}; }; my $vol = 1; $vol *= $_ for @$by; ## Generate nested evaluation loops: local *intgen = sub { my ($n, $body) = @_; if ($n < 0) { '$sum += &$f * ' . $vol; } else { my ($by, $v) = ($by->[$n], $vars->[$n]); my ($lo,$hi) = ($from->[$n] / $by, $to->[$n] / $by); "for \$$v ($lo .. $hi) { \$$v *= $by ;\n" . intgen($n-1) . "\n}\n"; } }; ## Do it: (eval 'sub { my $f = shift; my $sum = 0;'.intgen($#{$from}).' $sum }') ->($f); } #> integrate { $x * $y } from => [0,0], to => [1,1] ## 0.255025