So what is "strong typing"? This appears to be a meaningless phrase, and people often use it in a non- sensical fashion. To some it seems to mean "The language has a type checker". To others it means "The language is sound" (that is, the type checker and run-time system are related). To most, it seems to just mean, "A language like Pascal, C or Java, related in a way I can't quite make precise". If someone uses this phrase, be sure to ask them to define it for you. (For amusement, watch them squirm.)