sub hoa2aoh { my ($h, @r) = shift; keys %$h; my ($k,$v) = each %$h or return [{}]; delete $h->{$k}, return hoa2aoh($h) if !@$v; my $hd = shift @$v; my $r = hoa2aoh($h); (exists $_->{$k} ? push(@r, {%$_, $k=>$hd}) : ($_->{$k} = $hd)) foreach @$r; push @$r, @r; return $r; }