wantarray
See the current Perl documentation for wantarray.
Here is our local, out-dated (pre-5.6) version:

wantarray - get list vs array context of current subroutine call

wantarray

Returns TRUE if the context of the currently executing subroutine is looking for a list value. Returns FALSE if the context is looking for a scalar. Returns the undefined value if the context is looking for no value (void context).
return unless defined wantarray; # don't bother doing more my @a = complex_calculation(); return wantarray ? @a : "@a";