----- $name is constant inside sub ------ Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at ... red: Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at ... violet: ----- $name given new value inside sub ------ Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at ... red: violet: ----- sub used inside loop that defined it ------ trying out red: trying out blue: trying out green: trying out yellow: trying out orange: trying out purple: trying out violet: ----- sub used outside of loop that assigned it ------ red: green: violet: