use strict;
use warnings;

use 5.014;
use Data::Dumper;

open my $inFH, q{<}, \ <<EOD or die $!;
// HEADER TAG
// VERSION TAG

TYPE VALUE1 EQUALS MAIN
I am useless text
CAUSE FAIL
EFFECT ERROR
ENDTYPE

TYPE VALUE2 EQUALS MAIN
I am useful test
ENDTYPE

TYPE VALUE3 EQUALS MAIN
CAUSE DEGRADED
ENDTYPE

TYPE VALUE4 EQUALS MAIN
EFFECT WARNING
ENDTYPE
EOD

my $rxExtract = qr
   {(?xs)
      TYPE\s ( \S+ )
      (?= .* (?: CAUSE\s ( \S+ ) ) )?
      (?= .* (?: EFFECT\s ( \S+ ) ) )?
   };

my %results;
{
    local $/ = q{};
    scalar <$inFH>;

    while ( <$inFH> )
    {
        next unless m{$rxExtract};
        $results{ $1 } = {
           CAUSE  => defined $2 ? $2 : q{UNDEF},
           EFFECT => defined $3 ? $3 : q{UNDEF},
        };
    }
}

say qq{$_:$results{ $_ }->{ CAUSE },$results{ $_ }->{ EFFECT }}
   for sort keys %results;

print qq{\n};
print Data::Dumper
   ->new( [ \ %results ], [ qw{ *results } ] )
   ->Sortkeys( 1 )
   ->Dumpxs();