Original Data Table =================== Month Zone Replicate SpeciesA SpeciesB SpeciesC Sept 1 1 5 10 15 Sept 1 2 0 5 10 Sept 1 3 5 0 5 Sept 2 1 5 5 5 Sept 2 2 10 15 10 Sept 2 3 0 0 5 Melt Table ========== Month Zone Replicate variable value Sept 1 1 SpeciesA 5 Sept 1 1 SpeciesB 10 Sept 1 1 SpeciesC 15 Sept 1 2 SpeciesA 0 Sept 1 2 SpeciesB 5 Sept 1 2 SpeciesC 10 Sept 1 3 SpeciesA 5 Sept 1 3 SpeciesB 0 Sept 1 3 SpeciesC 5 Sept 2 1 SpeciesA 5 Sept 2 1 SpeciesB 5 Sept 2 1 SpeciesC 5 Sept 2 2 SpeciesA 10 Sept 2 2 SpeciesB 15 Sept 2 2 SpeciesC 10 Sept 2 3 SpeciesA 0 Sept 2 3 SpeciesB 0 Sept 2 3 SpeciesC 5 Cast (mean) =========== Month Zone SpeciesA SpeciesB SpeciesC Sept 1 3.33333333333333 5 10 Sept 2 5 6.66666666666667 6.66666666666667 Cast (stddev) ============= Month Zone SpeciesA SpeciesB SpeciesC Sept 1 2.88675134594813 5 5 Sept 2 5 7.63762615825973 2.88675134594813