sub test{ 
  my $i = shift; 
  my $params = shift;  

  my $test = $params->{test} if (exists $params->{test}); 
  print "test after hash assignment:\t\t$test\n"; 
  $test = $i unless (defined $test);
  print "i = $i test after defaulting to i:\t$test\n";
} 
for my $i (3..5){ &test($i) }

##</code><code>##

test1 after hash assignment:
i = 3	test1 after defaulting to i:    3
test1 after hash assignment:		3
i = 4	test1 after defaulting to i:    3
test1 after hash assignment:		3
i = 5	test1 after defaulting to i:    3