# ... foreach my $key2 (@aminos) { no warnings 'uninitialized'; printf OUT ("$forprint ", $A->{$key}->{$key2}); } # ... #### foreach my $key2 (@aminos) { printf OUT ("$forprint ", $A->{$key}->{$key2}) if defined $A->{$key}->{$key2}; } #### foreach my $key2 (@aminos) { printf OUT ("$forprint ", $A->{$key}->{$key2} // ''); } #### foreach my $key2 (@aminos) { next unless defined $A->{$key}->{$key2}; printf OUT ("$forprint ", $A->{$key}->{$key2}); }