#! perl use strict; use warnings; my %includes = ( 1 => join("\n", '', '', ' ', ' hello world', '', '', '

', '

Hello world

', ' ', '

', '', ''), 2 => '', 3 => '', 4 => '2014', ); render(1); sub render { my $id = shift; my $html = $includes{$id}; print '-' x 10, "\nrender($id) BEFORE:\n$html\n"; $html =~ s//render($1)/eg; print "render($id) AFTER:\n$html\n", '-' x 10, "\n"; return $html; }