my $words = {
  'foo' => {
    named_property_x => 'nn',
    named_property_y => 'nns',
  },
  'bar' => {
    named_property_x => 'nvbg',
    named_property_y => 'np',
  },
};

my $lookup = 'foo';
print $words->{$lookup}->{'named_property_x'}; # Would print 'nn'
foreach my $named_property (%{$words->{$lookup}}) {
  # This would print all the named properties for a specific word, in no particular order
  print $named_property . ':' . $words->{$lookup}->{$named_property} . "\n";
}
# To add a new word and/or tag:
$words->{'baz'}->{'named_property_z'} = 'nps';
# Do delete a tag
delete $words->{'baz'}->{'named_property_z'};
# To check for a specific tag:
if ( $words->{'baz'}->{'named_property_z'} eq 'nps' ) { ... }