ex. $_table{'Ö'}; # gives 'Ö'

##</code><code>##

my $bytes = pack( "C*", unpack( "U0C*", $$sgml_r ));

##</code><code>##

   use bytes;
    ....         #all will happen wrapped here
   no bytes;

##</code><code>##

   $bytes =~ s/([^\ -\~]+.*)/$self->_fixup($1)/ego;

##</code><code>##

    $$sgml_r =~ s/(.)/$self->_mapchar($1)/eg;

##</code><code>##

sub _mapchar {
   my ($char) = @_;
   if ( $char !~ /[\r\n\s]/) {
        my $nbytes = length encode_utf8($char);
        if ($nbytes > 1) {
            $char = exists $_table{$char} ? $_table{$char} : '?';
        }
   }
   return $char;
}