#!/usr/bin/perl -w
            
use open qw/:std
            :encoding(iso-8859-1)/;       # default I/O encoding
            
my $s = "A \N{WHITE SMILING FACE} for you\n";

open (FILE, '> fpo');                     # in the actual code, may open one of several things, or assign STDOUT to FILE
my @layers = PerlIO::get_layers(FILE);
print "Layers before binmode: @layers\n";
binmode(FILE, ':encoding(UTF-8)') if 1;    # override the default encoding under certain conditions
@layers = PerlIO::get_layers(FILE);
print "Layers after binmode: @layers\n";
            
binmode(FILE) if 1;    # reset to raw
binmode(FILE, ':encoding(UTF-8)') if 1;    # add our new encoding
@layers = PerlIO::get_layers(FILE);
print "Layers after reset: @layers\n";
            
warn "About to print";                    # primitive trace statement
print FILE "$s";