package My::Class;
use warnings;
use strict;

use Carp qw(croak);

sub new {
    my ($class, %args) = @_;
    
    my $self = bless {%args}, $class;
    $self->_validate_args;
    
    return $self;
}
sub swear {
    my ($self, $word) = @_;

    croak "swear() needs word param sent in" if ! defined $word;
    
    if ($self->can_swear) {
        print "$word\n";
    }
}
sub can_swear {
    # getter/setter, and returns the value of the 'can_swear' attribute.
    # This attribute determines whether the object is allowed to use foul language
   
    my ($self, $can_swear) = @_;
    $self->{can_swear} = $can_swear if defined $can_swear;

    # If can_swear wasn't set via this method, or wasn't set
    # within the %args parameters hash to new(), we default
    # to not allowing the object to swear

    return $self->{can_swear} // 0;
}
sub _validate_args {
    my ($self) = @_;
  
    if (! exists $self->{not_provided_in_new_args}) {
        # do stuff
    }
}