"foo" . '_' . 123 $abc . '_' . 123 "foo" . '_' . $num #### "$abc . _ . 123" "foo . _ . $num" #### "${abc}_$_" # 1 $abc . '_' . $_ # 2 join('_', $abc, $_) # 3 "$abc\_.$_" # 4 $abc . "_$_" # 5