my @arr = (1,2,3);
my $ref = \@arr; # or just [1,2,3]
print $ref->[0]; # 1
$arr[0] = 42;
print $ref->[0]; # 42

##</code><code>##

use strict; use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my $joe;
$joe->{name} = 'joe';
$joe->{age} = 42;
my $mary;
$mary->{name} = 'mary';
$mary->{age} = 43;
my $peter;
$peter->{name} = 'peter';
$peter->{age} = 100;

my @children = ($joe, $mary);
my @family = ($mary, $peter, $joe);
my @males = ($joe, $peter);

## oops, Joe is actually written as John
$joe->{name} = 'john';

print Dumper(@children);
print Dumper(@family);
print Dumper(@males);