$ perl -Mre=debug -e'qr/[abc\xDF]/ui' Compiling REx "[abc\xDF]" ~ tying lastbr BRANCH (4) to ender TAIL (15) offset 11 ~ tying lastbr BRANCH (1) to ender END (16) offset 15 Final program: 1: BRANCH (4) 2: EXACTFUP (16) 4: BRANCH (FAIL) 5: ANYOF[ABCabc] (16) 15: TAIL (16) 16: END (0) minlen 1 Freeing REx: "[abc\xDF]"