my @special_chars = qw( : ; , = - );

my $special_chars_glob_alt =
   "{".( join ",", map quotemeta, @special_chars )."}";

my $corrupt_qfn = ...;

my $glob = 
   $corrupt_qfn =~
      s{
           ( [ ]    )
         | ( [^\w ] )
      }{
         defined( $1 )
         ? $special_chars_glob_alt
         : "\\$2"
      }xegr;

my @possible_qfns = glob( $glob );

say for @possible_qfns;