use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'state';
use feature 'say';
#use utf8;    #refer to node id=11154836 below
use autodie;
use Encode qw(decode);

while (my $clmnVal = <>) {
    $clmnVal = decode('UTF-8', $clmnVal);
    chomp $clmnVal;
    $clmnVal = smblRpr( $clmnVal );
    #say unpack('U0H*', $clmnVal);
    say $clmnVal;
}
exit;


sub smblRpr {
    my $strng = $_[0];
 
    state %smblCo = (
        # code point =>    HTML          description
        "\N{U+201A}" => "&#8218;", # SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK
        "\N{U+201C}" => "&#8220;", # DOUBLE LEFT QUOTATION MARK
        "\N{U+201D}" => "&#8221;", # DOUBLE RIGHT QUOTATION MARK 
        "\N{U+201E}" => "&#8222;", # DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK
        "\N{U+2013}" => "&#8211;", # EN DASH
        "\N{U+2014}" => "&#8212;", # EM DASH
        "\N{U+2018}" => "&#8216;", # LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
        "\N{U+2019}" => "&#8217;", # RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
        "\N{U+2020}" => "&#8224;", # DAGGER
        "\N{U+2026}" => "&#8230;", # HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS
        "\N{U+2122}" => "&#8482;", # TRADE MARK SIGH
        "\N{U+00A8}" => "&#169;",  # COPYRIGHT SIGN
        "\N{U+00AE}" => "&#174;",  # REGESTERED SIGN
        "\N{U+00B1}" => "&#177;",  # Plus-Minus sign
        "\N{U+00BC}" => "&#188;",  # Vulgar fraction one quarter
        "\N{U+00BD}" => "&#189;",  # Vulgar fraction one half
        "\N{U+00BE}" => "&#190;",  # Vulgar fraction three quarter
        "\N{U+00B0}" => "&#176;",  # Degree sign
    );

    state $regex = do{
        my @chars = keys %smblCo;
        local $" = '|';
        qr/@chars/;
    };
    return ($strng =~ s/($regex)/$smblCo{$1}/gr);
}