my %A = (a => 1, b => 2, D => 3); my %Z = (z => 9, y => 8, D => 7); (\ my %all_keys)->@{keys %A, keys %Z} = (); say for keys %all_keys; #### @{ \ my %all_keys }{keys %A, keys %Z} = (); say for keys %all_keys; # Global symbol "%all_keys" requires explicit package name (did you forget to declare "my %all_keys"?)