my %DISPATCH_TABLE; BEGIN { %DISPATCH_TABLE = (
  n => sub { my ($oriented, $matrix) = @_;
    push $oriented->@*, $matrix->[$_] for reverse 0 .. $matrix->$#*;
  },
  s => sub { my ($oriented, $matrix) = @_;
    push $oriented->@*, $matrix->[$_] for 0 .. $matrix->$#*;
  },
  e => sub { my ($oriented, $matrix) = @_;
    for my $x (0 .. $matrix->$#*) {
      push $oriented->@*, my $col = [];
      for my $y (0 .. $matrix->[$x]->$#*) {
        push $col->@*, $matrix->[$y][$x];
      }
    }
  },
  w => sub { my ($oriented, $matrix) = @_;
    for my $x (0 .. $matrix->$#*) {
      push $oriented->@*, my $col = [];
      for my $y (reverse 0 .. $matrix->[$x]->$#*) {
        push $col->@*, $matrix->[$y][$x];
      }
    }
  },
); }
sub orient_matrix {
  my ($orient, $matrix) = @_;
  my $code = $DISPATCH_TABLE{$orient}
    or die "Unknown orientation '$orient'";
  $code->(my $oriented = [], $matrix);
  return $oriented;
}