#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict; # https://perlmonks.org/?node_id=11161855
use warnings;
use List::AllUtils qw( min_by nsort_by );
$SIG{__WARN__} = sub { die @_ };

my @list1= qw( K B I S Y A Q );
my @list2= qw( B S N A );
my @list3= qw( Y N Q );
my $combined= fancy_algorithm(\@list1, \@list2, \@list3);
use Data::Dump 'dd'; dd 'combined', $combined;

my @lists= (
  [qw( X P Y )],
  [qw( X B Y N )],
  [qw( P B N )],
  [qw( X B P N )],
  [qw( X B P Y )],
  [qw( A Z )],
  [qw( A K L )],
);
$combined= fancy_algorithm(@lists);
use Data::Dump 'dd'; dd 'combined', $combined;

sub fancy_algorithm
  {
  my (%names, @order);
  @names{ @$_ } = () for my @args = @_;
  use Data::Dump 'dd'; dd 'input', \@args;
  while( @args )
    {
    my %names;
    my $see = 1;
    $names{$_} += $see++ for map @$_, @args;
    my @names = nsort_by { $names{$_} } sort +keys %names;
    my %score;
    for ( @args )
      {
      my ($head, @rest) = @$_;
      $score{$head} -= 1e9;
      $score{$_} //= 0 for @rest;
      }
    my $pick = min_by { $score{$_} } @names;
    push @order, $pick;
    $_ = [ grep $pick ne $_, @$_ ] for @args;
    @args = grep @$_, @args;
    }
  return \@order;
  }