my @a = (1 .. 5);
say $a[0];       # '$' sigil, we are picking out a scalar
say @a[3,1,2];   # '@' sigil, we are picking out a list (an array-like structure)
my %h = (a => 1, b => 2, c => 3);
say $h{a};       # '$' sigil, we are picking out a scalar
say @h{qw{b c}}; # '@' sigil, we are picking out a list
say %h{qw{a c}}; # '%' sigil, we are picking out a hash slice (a hash-like structure)

##</code><code>##

my $aref = [ 1 .. 5 ];
say $aref->[0];  # or ${$aref}[1]
say @{$aref}[3,1,2];
my $href = { a => 1, b => 2, c => 3 };
say $href->{a};  # or ${$href}{a}
say @{$href}{qw{b c}};
say %{$href}{qw{a c}};