sub _join_sql_clauses {
  my ($self, $logic, $clauses_aref, $bind_aref) = @_;

  if (@$clauses_aref > 1) {
    my $join  = " " . $self->_sqlcase($logic) . " ";
    my $sql = '( ' . join($join, @$clauses_aref) . ' )';
    return ($sql, @$bind_aref);
  }
  elsif (@$clauses_aref) {
    ##### CRASH TRIGGERED ON LINE 1493 BELOW #####
    return ($clauses_aref->[0], @$bind_aref); # no parentheses
  }
  else {
    return (); # if no SQL, ignore @$bind_aref
  }
}