W:\Steve\PerlMonks>perl tpm.pl $intval = 66; # $intval = [66] - Expecting [66] $pckval = pack 'c', 66; # $pckval = [B] - Expecting [B] $pckhex = "0x" . (unpack 'H16', "B"); # $pckhex = [0x42] - Expecting [0x42] $stoval = "B" ^ 0x80; # $stoval = [128] - Expecting [194] $stohex = "0x" . (unpack 'H16', "128"); # $stohex = [0x313238] - Expecting [0xc2] W:\Steve\PerlMonks>