# From Unicode to UTF-8:
utf8::encode($s);
utf8::encode(my $utf8 = $uni);
use Encode qw( encode ); my $utf8 = encode('UTF-8', $uni);
use Encode qw( encode_utf8 ); my $utf8 = encode_utf8($uni);

# From UTF-8 to Unicode:
utf8::decode($s);
utf8::decode(my $uni = $utf8);
use Encode qw( decode ); my $uni = decode('UTF-8', $utf8);
use Encode qw( decode_utf8 ); my $uni = decode_utf8($utf8);