use strict;
use warnings;
use diagnostics;


my @char;
my $art;
my $string = 'abcdefghijk'; 
my %match = (bc => "Michelangelo", efg => "Raffaello",de => "Caravaggio",ijk => "Tintoretto",hij=>"Leonardo",);

@char = split //,$string;


#check that the substring is in hash; 
foreach $art (keys %match){
  if ($string=~/$art/){
      print "There's a match in the string to $art =>", $match{$art}++,"\n";
      }    
    }

 #now using GREP
 
 foreach $art (keys %match){
     if (my $seen= grep {$string =~ $art}$match{$art}) 
     {
         print "I have seen using GREP $art=>",$match{$art},"\n"; 
     
     }
 }

#using ~~ match operator

foreach $art (keys %match){
print "this is \~~ $art=> ",join('',$match{$art}) if /$string/i ~~$art;    
    }

#using INDEX()

foreach $art (keys %match){
    print "this is INDEX $art =>",join('',$match{$art}),"\n", if index my $tring,$art;
    }