#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

print " Enter dimension : ";
my $n = <STDIN>;

$n--;

my $k = 1;

my @matrix;

for my $i (0..$n) {
	for my $j (0..$n) {
		$matrix[$i][$j]= $k++;
	}
}

print " the matrix : \n\n";

for my $i (0..$n) {
	for my $j (0..$n) {
		print "$matrix[$i][$j]  ";
	}
	print "\n";
}