#!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use Data::Dumper; my $head = {data => 0, prev => undef, next => undef}; my $previous = $head; open FILE, "){ chomp; $previous->{next} = { "data" => $_ , "next" => undef, "prev" => $previous, }; $previous = $previous->{next}; } ### Inserting element after the head node my $curr = $head; $curr->{next}= { "data" => 30, "next" => $curr->{next}, "prev" => $curr, }; $curr->{next}{next}{prev}=$curr->{next}; # # Inserting element before the tail node $curr = $previous; $curr->{prev}= { "data" => 40, "next" => $curr, "prev" => $curr->{prev}, }; $curr->{prev}{prev}{next}=$curr->{prev}; ## Printing from head print "printing from head \n"; print Dumper($head); $curr = $head; while (1) { last unless defined $curr->{next}; print "Current: ", $curr->{data}, "\tPrevious: ", $curr->{prev}{data} // "", "\tNext: ", $curr->{next}{data} // "", "\n"; $curr = $curr->{next}; } ## printing from tail print "\n Printing From tail \n"; while (1) { last unless defined $curr->{prev}; print "Current: ", $curr->{data}, "\tPrevious: ", $curr->{prev}{data} // "", "\tNext: ", $curr->{next}{data} // "", "\n"; $curr = $curr->{prev}; } #### punit:Desktop punitpawar$ perl test1.pl printing Dumper $VAR1 = { 'data' => 0, 'prev' => undef, 'next' => { 'prev' => $VAR1, 'next' => { 'next' => { 'data' => 'line 2', 'next' => { 'next' => { 'prev' => $VAR1->{'next'}{'next'}{'next'}{'next'}, 'next' => { 'data' => 'line 4', 'next' => undef, 'prev' => $VAR1->{'next'}{'next'}{'next'}{'next'}{'next'} }, 'data' => 40 }, 'prev' => $VAR1->{'next'}{'next'}{'next'}, 'data' => 'line 3' }, 'prev' => $VAR1->{'next'}{'next'} }, 'prev' => $VAR1->{'next'}, 'data' => 'line 1' }, 'data' => 30 } }; printing from head Current: 0 Previous: Next: 30 Current: 30 Previous: 0 Next: line 1 Current: line 1 Previous: 30 Next: line 2 Current: line 2 Previous: line 1 Next: line 3 Current: line 3 Previous: line 2 Next: 40 Current: 40 Previous: line 3 Next: line 4 Printing From tail Current: line 4 Previous: 40 Next: Current: 40 Previous: line 3 Next: line 4 Current: line 3 Previous: line 2 Next: 40 Current: line 2 Previous: line 1 Next: line 3 Current: line 1 Previous: 30 Next: line 2 Current: 30 Previous: 0 Next: line 1 Current: 0 Previous: Next: 30 #### line1 line2 line3 line4