c:\@Work\Perl\monks>perl -wMstrict -le "use Data::Dump qw(dd); ;; my @ra = ([ qw(fee fie foe) ], [ qw(original stuff) ], [ qw(uno dos tres) ]); dd \@ra; ;; my $hardref = [ @ra ]; dd $hardref; print '-------------'; ;; $hardref->[1] = 'ZOT!'; $hardref->[0][2] = 'KAPOW!'; $hardref->[2][1] = 'WHAM!'; dd $hardref; dd \@ra; " [ ["fee", "fie", "foe"], ["original", "stuff"], ["uno", "dos", "tres"], ] [ ["fee", "fie", "foe"], ["original", "stuff"], ["uno", "dos", "tres"], ] ------------- [["fee", "fie", "KAPOW!"], "ZOT!", ["uno", "WHAM!", "tres"]] [ ["fee", "fie", "KAPOW!"], ["original", "stuff"], ["uno", "WHAM!", "tres"], ]