my $x=1 if $y;     # statement modifier
  if ($y) {my $x=1}  # compund statement

##</code><code>##

# first variant, dont do this.
foreach (@input){
        push @name_nums, (exists $list{$_}) ? $list{ $_ } : $_;
}

# second variant, do this
@name_nums=map{(exists $list{$_}) ? $list{ $_ } : $_}@input;

##</code><code>##

print "Hello my name is ".(defined $name ? $name : "Anonymous Monk")."\n";