$doc =~ s/(?:\[|\]|\')//g --> $doc =~ s/[\[\]\']//g $doc =~ s/(?:\[|\]|\')+//g --> $doc =~ s/[\[\]\']+//g #### use 5.16.2; use warnings; my $doc = "'C-3PO' or 'See-Threepio' is a humanoid robot character from the [[Star Wars]] universe who appears in the original ''Star Wars'' films, the prequel trilogy and the sequel trilogy.\n"; $doc =~ s/(?:\[\[|\]\]|'')//g; # Only replace doubles, to make sequence longer than a single character say $doc; $doc =~ "'C-3PO' or 'See-Threepio' is a humanoid robot character from the [[Star Wars]] universe who appears in the original ''Star Wars'' films, the prequel trilogy and the sequel trilogy.\n"; $doc =~ s/[\[\]']//g; # set based replacement say $doc;