use strict;
use warnings;
use Text::ParseWords;

while (my $line = <DATA>)
{
    my @fields = quotewords(',', 0, $line);

    for my $field (0 .. $#fields)
    {
        print $field + 1, " $fields[$field]\n";
    }
}

__DATA__
"earth",1,,"moon",9.374
"mars",2,,"phobos",,"deimos",