A1 text1 NY Jan 01
A2 text2 LN Feb 02
A3 text3 SG Mar 03
A2 text2 NY Feb 02
A1 text1 SG Jan 01
A1 text1 AUS Jan 01

##</code><code>##

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use Data::Table;

my $t = Data::Table::fromCSV('data.txt', 0, undef,{delimiter => ' '});
my $mt = $t->melt(['col1', 'col2', 'col4', 'col5']);
my $ct = $mt->cast(['col1', 'col2', 'col4', 'col5'], 'variable', Data::Table::STRING, 'value', \&col_join);

$ct->sort('col1', 1, 0);
$ct->reorder( [ 'col1', 'col2', 'col3', 'col4', 'col5' ] );

print $ct->csv(0, {delimiter => " "});

exit;

sub col_join {
    my @data = @_;
    my $joined = join(":", @data);
    return($joined);
}

##</code><code>##

A1 text1 NY:SG:AUS Jan 01
A2 text2 LN:NY Feb 02
A3 text3 SG Mar 03