#!/usr/bin/env perl

use 5.010;
use strict;
use warnings;

use Math::BigInt lib => 'GMP';

for my $number (57, '886545601050728061451195', '0x' . 'b' x 20) {
    say "Number: $number"; 
    say "Array:  @{get_array($number)}";
    say 'Bits:   ', scalar @{get_array($number)};

    for (0 .. 5) {
        say "Bit $_:  ", is_bit_set($number, $_);
    }
}

{
    my %cache;

    sub get_array {
        $cache{$_[0]} // gen_array($_[0])
    }

    sub is_bit_set {
        ($cache{$_[0]} // gen_array($_[0]))->[$_[1]]
    }

    sub gen_array {
        $cache{$_[0]} = [
            reverse split //, substr Math::BigInt::->new($_[0])->as_bin(), 2
        ]
    }
}

##</code><code>##

Number: 57
Array:  1 0 0 1 1 1
Bits:   6
Bit 0:  1
Bit 1:  0
Bit 2:  0
Bit 3:  1
Bit 4:  1
Bit 5:  1
Number: 886545601050728061451195
Array:  1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
Bits:   80
Bit 0:  1
Bit 1:  1
Bit 2:  0
Bit 3:  1
Bit 4:  1
Bit 5:  1
Number: 0xbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
Array:  1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
Bits:   80
Bit 0:  1
Bit 1:  1
Bit 2:  0
Bit 3:  1
Bit 4:  1
Bit 5:  1