$pidEmpty = pp($tree->{drug}->{$i}->{'general-references'}->{articles}->{article}); if ($pidEmpty eq "undef") { }else{ $pidArray = $tree->{drug}->{$i}->{'general-references'}->{articles}->{article}; } if (ref($pidArray) eq "ARRAY"){ for $y (@{$tree->{drug}->{$i}->{'general-references'}->{articles}->{article}}){ if ((ref($y) eq "HASH")){ #print pp($y); #print "\n"; $pid = $y->{'pubmed-id'}; print "$pid\n"; $pids = $pids . "$y,"; } } }else{ $pid = $pidArray->{'pubmed-id'}; $pids = $pids . "$pid,"; } $pids =~ s/,$//;