use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::Twig;

my $twig=XML::Twig->new(
  twig_handlers =>
    {
      'termEntry/langSet'=>sub{print $_[1]->att('xml:lang'),
                                     ": ",
                                     $_[1]->first_child('termGrp')->text,
                                     "\n"
                              }
                                     
    },
);

$twig->parse( \*DATA );

__DATA__
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<DB>
        <termEntry>
            <ShortInfo>Ciao</ShortInfo>
            <langSet xml:lang="Italian">
                <termGrp>
                    <term>Ricerca scientifica</term>
                </termGrp>
            </langSet>
            <langSet xml:lang="English">
                <termGrp>
                <term>research</term>
                </termGrp>
            </langSet>
        </termEntry>
        <termEntry>
            <ShortInfo></ShortInfo>
            <langSet xml:lang="Italian">
                <termGrp>
                <term>università</term>
                </termGrp>
            </langSet>
            <langSet xml:lang="English">
                <termGrp>
                <term>university</term>
                </termGrp>
            </langSet>
        </termEntry>
</DB>